12 Jan 2022
Loratadine belongs to the family of nonsedating antihistamines such as terfenadine, astemizole, and acrivastine. Loratadine chemically relates to tricycle antidepressants.
With the generic name Claritin, it works by inhibiting the action of Histamine (the neurotransmitter responsible for symptoms caused by allergies) in the body naturally. In general, Loratadine is used to relieve symptoms.
Loratadine metabolizes within 24 hours of consumption, the half-life being 8 hours. All the administered doses go through metabolism, representing 97 percent of the eliminated dosage in the forms, 40 percent as urine and 42 percent as feces, and the remaining as sweat and other excretions.
Over the counter Loratadine medication is available from certified pharmacy or you can also go for buying loratadine online through websites.
Study To Observe The Elimination Of Loratadine
A study was conducted to determine the time Loratadine takes to metabolize. The study showed that the peak concentration of action hours of Loratadine is 1-2 hours after consumption, the elimination half-life being 8-14 hours, and the metabolizing time being 17-24 hours.
When the inhibition is observed, it is noted at about 1.5 hours after the consumption, reaching its peak of action within 4-6 hours. This process lasts for approximately 36-48 hours.
Mechanism Of Loratadine
Histamine, released from the mast cells (histamine-storing cells), is a chemical that causes the symptoms of allergy. Histamine tracks and attaches to the cells that have histamine receptors.
It stimulates the cells in a way that they release chemicals to produce effects that relate to an allergy. These effects include welts, itching, and tissue swelling.
The function of Loratadine here is to block H1 receptors and prevent the activation of H1 receptors by Histamine. The medicine was approved by FDA in April 1993.
Unlike other antihistamines, Loratadine does not interfere with the blood flow and hence, does not cause drowsiness or fatigue.
How Long Does Loratadine Take To Work?
Loratadine starts acting within 1-2 hours of consumption, depending upon the metabolism rate of the person. The full effect of the medication is observed after about 1.5-3.5 hours of dosing. (Kay, G.G. and Harris, A.G., 1999)
Forms And Strength
Loratadine is available in the forms of regular tablets of strength 10mg, chewable tablets of strength 5mg, orally disintegrated tablets in strengths of 5 and 10mg, and liquid suspension of 1mg/1mL.
Dosage
Allergic rhinitis
Standardized adult dosage- 10mg once a day initially
- Maximum dosage- Do NOT exceed 10 mg in 24 hours
- Standardized pediatric dosage- For 2-5 years of age, 5 mg daily. For 6+ years, 10 mg daily.
- Note: Do NOT exceed the prescribed dosage
Chronic idiopathic urticarial (Hives)
- Standardized adult dosage- 10mg once a day initially
- Maximum dosage- Do NOT exceed 10 mg in 24 hours
- Standardized pediatric dosage- For 2-5 years of age, 5 mg daily. For 6+ years, 10 mg daily.
Adjunct prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm in patients with asthma and allergies
- Standardized adult dosage- 10mg once a day initially
- Maximum dosage- Do NOT exceed 10 mg in 24 hours
- Standardized pediatric dosage- For 2-5 years of age, 5 mg daily. For 6+ years, 10 mg daily.
How To Consume Loratadine?
The liquid and the tablet are to be consumed once a day unless stated otherwise by the doctor. Swallow regular tablets and capsules. Avoid chewing, crushing, or sucking on them as it might irritate your throat. Make sure you consume plenty of water to make swallowing easier.
Chewable tablets and liquids are available for those who find it difficult to swallow tablets and also for children. While using the liquid, use the measuring spoon that comes along with it. Do NOT use a kitchen spoon at any cost.
It is advised to consume Loratadine with or without food. Follow the instructions given on the package label or consult your doctor for the same. (Hilbert, J., Radwanski, E., Affrime, M.B., Perentesis, G., Symchowicz, S. and Zampaglione, N., 1988)
Who Should Not Take Loratadine?
If any of the below conditions sound relatable and familiar, it is not advised for you to consume Loratadine. However, consulting the doctor before the decision would prove of help.
- Liver Failure
- Liver problems
- Mild to Moderate Kidney Conditions
Side Effects Of Loratadine
These are a few common side effects of Loratadine
- Weakness
- Stomach pain
- Diarrhea
- Red or itchy eyes
- Headache
- Dry mouth
- Sore throat
- Difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep
- Nervousness
Warnings
In case you face any of the following symptoms, consult your doctor immediately:
- Rash
- Hives
- Itching
- Swelling of the eyes, face, lips, tongue, throat, hands, arms, feet, ankles, or lower legs
- Hoarseness
- Difficulty breathing or swallowing
- Wheezing
Interaction Of Loratadine With Other Drugs
Loratadine interferes with the regular routine check-up tests (causes false results). The drug may also interact with other herbal products or over-the-counter medications. Hence always keep your doctor in the loop when this medicine is to be prescribed.
What To Do If You Missed A Dose?
Loratadine is not used unless prescribed. There is no major impact of skipping a dose. Skip the dose that is missed if you are close to the next dosage. Do NOT consume a double dose to even it out.
What Happens If You Overdose?
Seek emergency attention in case you overdose or call the poison helpline.
Seek immediate help in case of these symptoms:
- Unusual body movements
- Palpitation
- Drowsiness
- Headache
Conclusion
Loratadine is a nonsedating antihistamine with a chemical relation to tricycle antidepressants. It is used to relieve allergy symptoms.
Loratadine metabolizes within 24 hours of consumption, the half-life being 8 hours. This metabolism represents the elimination of Loratadine as 40 percent urine, 42 percent feces, and the remaining as sweat and other excretions. (xPharm: The Comprehensive Pharmacology Reference, 2007)
